Advocates for those experiencing intimate partner violence say the decision by police in Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., to use that term for the shooting deaths of five people gives them hope that abuse of that nature is being taken seriously.

Pamela Cross, a lawyer and advocacy director at Luke鈥檚 Place, a family law support centre for abused women in Oshawa, Ont., found it encouraging that police immediately said intimate partner violence was involved, after the province announced in June that it would not declare such abuse an epidemic.

鈥淭here鈥檚 a lot we don鈥檛 know right now. But nonetheless, the police called it an act of intimate partner violence, and I think that鈥檚 really important and a really big step forward,鈥� said Cross.

Other sectors of society must respond with the same recognition and more funding is needed for support programs, including mental health, for victims and their perpetrators, Cross said.

鈥淎t the end of the day, if we鈥檙e not addressing the folks who are engaging in the abusive behaviour, we鈥檙e just going to keep seeing women trek into shelters for generations to come.鈥�

Although police were quick to describe it as a case of intimate partner violence, they revealed little else about Monday night鈥檚 shootings, including the genders or relationships of those involved.

Three children aged six, seven and 12 were found dead. Two adults, including the shooter, also died.

Intimate partner violence has gained attention due to several high-profile cases, including the separate 2015 deaths of three women by one man in Ontario鈥檚 Renfrew County, leading to a coroner鈥檚 inquest that last year recommended abuse in romantic relationships be declared an epidemic.

Dozens of Ontario municipalities including Toronto and Hamilton have done so, but the province announced in June that it will not take that step.

Recommendations released earlier this year from a public inquiry into the mass shooting deaths of 22 people in Portapique, N.S., in April 2020 called for greater recognition of intimate partner violence, with greater support for victims and perpetrators. The inquiry heard the gunman had a history of violence, including against his common-law wife.

Perpetrators typically exert control in relationships to the point that victims are isolated and blamed, even by others, instead of getting help when they鈥檙e assaulted, Cross said.

鈥淲omen who leave are blamed for leaving. 鈥榊ou鈥檙e breaking up the family. How are the children going to manage?鈥� 鈥楯ust be a better wife, give him another chance, he鈥檚 under a lot of pressure at work,鈥� and so on. And when women don鈥檛 leave, they鈥檙e also blamed. 鈥榊ou鈥檙e not taking care of your children because you鈥檙e exposing them to ongoing intimate partner violence.鈥欌��

Kamal Dhillon of Surrey, B.C., said she was grateful that police immediately announced that the killings involved intimate partner violence.

But she was angry that such a tragedy could still happen.

鈥淩eally? This is happening again and again and again?鈥� she said of the deaths in Sault Ste. Marie.

Dhillon said her husband began assaulting her on their wedding day in 1986 and dropped her off at the emergency room of a hospital in Vancouver that night. Over the next 12 years, she suffered multiple injuries and has so far had 10 surgeries for a broken jaw that still causes her daily pain.

鈥淗e would smash my face with his boots. He would stomp on it,鈥� she said. 鈥淢y face, from my ears down to my chin, is all artificial, it鈥檚 metal.鈥�

Her husband was charged with assault in the late 1980s but the charge was dropped because he took the family out of the country to prevent her from appearing in court, Dhillon said.

After they separated in the mid-1990s, he was arrested with a gun and break-in tools outside her home. He died in 1997.

Dhillon said she is 鈥渢riggered鈥� every time she hears of others enduring similar abuse or being killed because assaults against women by their partners are often minimized as just a part of domestic life.

鈥淭his will stay with me for a long time,鈥� she said of the deaths in Sault Ste. Marie.

The number of such cases has increased over the last three years, partly due to stresses of the pandemic and lack of support for both perpetrators and victims, said Suzanne Duncan, spokeswoman for the Canadian Women鈥檚 Foundation.

However, cases are not adequately tracked and research overall is lacking, she said.

鈥淲e underfund effective community programs, ones that focus on survivors rebuilding their lives and ones that focus on the people who are perpetrating the violence,鈥� said Duncan, adding that people with a history of violence are at a high risk to commit intimate partner violence and should get mental health support when they need it.

Everyone should consider that they may know a victim or a perpetrator, she said.

Three years ago, the foundation invented a hand gesture that can be used by someone on a video call to indicate they are experiencing IPV. It involves putting their palm to the camera, tucking in their thumb and trapping it with the fingers on top.

鈥淭o know so many folks have experienced intimate partner violence and haven鈥檛 gotten the kinds of support that they need, my heart goes out to them. I鈥檓 so angry when I hear these stories,鈥� Duncan said.

The federal government announced a 10-year plan last November to fund programs to support victims and families experiencing gender-based violence.

鈥淚t needs to happen in every province,鈥� Duncan said. 鈥淲e need to take this seriously and ensure that women and families and anyone experiencing intimate partner violence has those community supports that they can turn to.鈥�

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